Dna, The, And The Law Of The Independent Assortment

Deoxyribonucleic acid, also known as DNA, is what makes up every living thing, big or small. It can be thought of as a set of instructions, which tells cells what to do. DNA determines whether a person is female or male, their skin and eye color, as well as the color of their hair. The first person to begin discovering the complexities of DNA was Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk who lived in the 19th century. In 1865, Mendel was studying heredity in pea plants. For eight years, he grew over ten thousand pea plants, looking for patterns that would show him how certain traits were passed on from parent to child (DNA Learning Center, n.d.). After completing his research, Mendel postulated three laws to describe inheritance; they are: the Law of Dominance, the Law of Segregation, and the Law of Independent Assortment. These laws determine the likelihood of the child receiving a specific trait from the parents (Science Clarified, n.d.). Mendel’s discoveries where groundbreaking, especially since it was done prior to the discovery of genes and chromosomes. Since Mendel’s time, our understanding of DNA, genes, and chromosomes has grown immensely, and much of this understanding and discoveries were influenced by Mendel’s research on pea plants. In 1928, Frederick Griffith, a medical officer in the army, was trying to find a vaccine that would cure streptococcus pneumoniae; also known as strep throat (C. O’Connor, 2008). Griffith conducted experiments using different strains ofShow MoreRelatedHeredity And Its Impact On The Field Of Heredity976 Words   |  4 Pagesknown scientists in this field of heredity are Gregor Mendel, Erwin Chargaff, Rosalind Franklin and finally James Watson and Francis Crick. In 1856 to 1863, Gregor Mendel conducted a series of experiments that lead to his discovery of the fundamental laws of genetics. His research was published in 1866 but it wasn’t fully accepted until three scientists named Erich Tschermak, Hugo de Vries, and Carl Correns in the 1900’s (Study.com, 2015) rediscovered his findings and retested them. He was an AugustinianRead MoreThe Discoveries Of The Discovery Of Dna957 Words   |  4 PagesThe discovery of DNA is arguably one of the most important breakthroughs of genetics in the 19th and 20th centuries. Its discovery is littered with successes, failures, and even heartache. Numerous scientists are attributed to the discovery of DNA as a genetic material and even many more are also credited to the discovery of the molecule, structure, and function. Without the work of these remarkable scientists, the medical advancements over the last 50 years would not be possible. In 1865Read MoreUsing One Cell Necessary For Life And Discusses Its Properties Of Life1334 Words   |  6 Pagesmolecules, and compounds. Specifically, the assignment will describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the cell, how the cell respiration, photosynthesis, and reproduction occur in a concise manner. The paper will also discuss Mendel’s Laws as well as the DNA structure and function of the cell. Finally, the paper will conclude by discussing cancer and the mechanisms of gene control. The Epithelial Cell ​The epithelial cell is a simple cell that covers all other cells in the human body. It formsRead MoreThe Theory Of Heredity And The Inheritance Of Biological Features Essay1103 Words   |  5 Pageschromosomes as the carriers of genetic material, correctly explains the mechanism underlying the law of Mendelian inheritance. Mendelian inheritance is the inheritance of biological features that follows the laws proposed by Gregor Mendel. Mendel is a scientist famously known for his principles and theories of genetics. Two of his most famous notions were the law of segregation and law of independent assortment. The law of segregation states during the production of gametes, two copies of each hereditary factorRead MoreThe Origin Of Offspring Will Inherit Genes From Their Parents921 Words   |  4 Pagesparents. The study of the inheritance of DNA started with the work of Gregor Mendel; followed by many others such as, Sladden, Durken, and Natt. Before Mendel, Darwinism was a str ong-held belief by the majority of people. Darwin studied the finches on the Galapagos Islands. He noted that the species on the island had genetic differences, particularly in their beaks. He denoted this as natural selection. Although Darwin did not know anything about allele’s or DNA he could see that there were physicalRead MoreWhy Genetics Is Important And A Huge Part Of Our Lives?1495 Words   |  6 Pageswhich parent you might have received them from. Not only can you research this but also you can understand your own health. Genetics wouldn’t be what they are today if it wasn’t for some key tools you can say. Genetics deals with heredity, traits, DNA, genes, proteins, and chromosomes. Everyone is always asking themselves why brothers and sisters resemble each other. This is where heredity comes in the picture. Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to their children as I mentioned earlierRead MoreBiology: Genetics and Pod Color Essay examples2071 Words   |  9 Pagesbecause they have chemical bonds of RNA, which is the singular shorter form of DNA. There is evidence that viruses change with different hosts, but they are generally considered non-living. They are much smaller chemical chains (with some form of movement and reproduction) and do not come from cells through reproduction. They come from cells by hijacking normal cells and inserting their small chemical chains into the cells DNA or RNA. The cells and all its organic machines change to function like theRead MoreUnit 3 Gro wth Heredity Final Exam Review Study Guide1146 Words   |  5 Pages11. What is the structure of a DNA molecule? a. What forms the backbone of the DNA molecule? b. What kind of bonds occur between the 3 OH on the 3’ C of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next? b. What forms the â€Å"steps of the ladder†? c. What kind of bonds hold the nitrogen bases together? d. What is meant by anti-parallel strands? 12. What is Chargaff’s rule (what binds with what?) 13. How does DNA fold into a chromosome? (the 6 steps) 14. What is a nucleosome? 15. What areRead MoreBiology : Essential Biology Discussion1189 Words   |  5 Pagestheir cell structures improves. Ultimately, living things respond to stimuli reproduce, and have an order in their body structures. The basic chemical terminology for cells includes ribonucleic acids (RNA), lipids, glycans, and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Important molecules to the lives of living organisms fall in two main groups; organic molecules and inorganic molecules (Wayne, 2009). Organic molecules include carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. On the other hand, inorganic moleculesRead MoreA Research Report On The Wisconsin Fast Plant Essay1148 Words   |  5 Pagesgeneration based on phenotypic variations Understanding the fundamental laws of inheritance established by the father of Genetics, Gregor Mendel. He concluded that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits. Mendel s Laws of Heredity are usually stated as: 1) The Law of Segregation: Each inherited trait is defined by a gene pair. Where the Offspring